ULVAC, Inc. this week announced industry’s first low temperature PZT sputtering technology in mass production scale, enabling future advanced MEMS device integrated on CMOS which will be the mainstream of next generation MEMS devices.
Background
Today many sensors such as accelerometers, gyros, and pressure sensors are widely used inside high performance smart phones, tablet PCs, and automobiles enabling the “Smart society” representing the IoT world. The increasing demand and the key element to enable this functionality, is the piezoelectric MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) device, using a piezoelectric thin film material called PZT (lead zirconate titanate, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3). Examples of applications in use are: actuators for auto focus lenses on digital cameras, and inkjet heads for printers.
The future holds that, higher performance, multi-functional and smaller piezoelectric MEMS devices for the next generation of advanced sensor technology is rapidly expanding its applications by the integration with CMOS devices. PZT, Piezo-electric MEMS is one of the most practical MEMS devices available today, however, the process temperature was an obstacle, to integrate the MEMS device directly onto a CMOS device. A CMOS device due to its nature, can only withstand a process temperature of 500 degrees C or lower. A typical crystallization temperature for a PZT thin film is 600 degrees C for sputtering and 700 degrees C for Sol-Gel.
ULVAC has developed world’s first unique innovative technology allowing integration of the piezoelectric MEMS device onto a CMOS device, thus achieving highest level piezoelectric performance, withstand voltage reliability, and cycle performance. This is accomplished by utilizing unique sputtering technology with process temperature below 500 degrees C.
Insight of the Technology
The piezoelectric device, using thin film PZT, is formed by five (5) layers which are: an adhesion layer, a lower electrode layer, a buffer layer, a piezoelectric (PZT) layer, and upper electrode layer. All the accumulated layers are formed sequentially, through one single sputtering system developed by ULVAC. This multi-chamber type sputtering system (model SME-200) allows for consistent process flow, optimizing each individual layer inside each process chamber respectively, achieving highly stable repeatability of the stacked layer performance, and also improving throughput, to that which is that is very suitable for mass production purposes.
Additionally this system is designed to achieve highly uniform and stable process utilizing 8-inch silicon wafers, the largest size substrate available for MEMS device mass production known today. Maximum seven (7) process chamber such as DC and RF magnetron sputtering chamber, RTA (Rapid Thermal Annealing) chamber to accelerate crystallization, and a load-lock chamber are utilized.
The PZT thin film is accumulated by crystal growth on a heated wafer. The sputtering chamber is specifically designed for dielectric material to allow stable deposition process and lead composition control, a character required for highly volatile materials such as PZT. The world’s highest PZT thin film performance level, in mass production is enabled, utilizing a new, low temperature process under 500 degrees C, and ULVAC unique process technology, for applying a buffer layer.